Etiological Classification of Anemia

Etiological Classification of Anemia:

This includes 3 Main types :
A. Impaired RBC production
B. Excessive destruction
C. Blood loss

A.Impaired RBC Production:

1. Abnormal bone marrow
1.1 Aplastic anemia
1.2 Myelophthisis : Myelofibrosis, Leukemia, Cancer metastasis
2. Essential factors deficiency
2.1 Deficiency anemia : Fe, Vit. B12, Folic acid, etc
2.2 Anemia in renal disease : Erythropoietin
3. Stimulation factor deficiency
3.1 Anemia in chronic disease
3.2 Anemia in hypopituitarism
3.3 Anemia in hypothyroidism

B.Excessive Destruction of RBC:

Hemolytic anemia

1. Intracorpuscular defect

1.1 Membrane : Hereditary spherocytosis Hereditary ovalocytosis, etc.
1.2 Enzyme : G-6PD deficiency, PK def., etc.
1.3 Hemoglobin : Thalassemia, Hemoglobino- pathies

2. Extracorpuscular defect

2.1 Mechanical : March hemolytic anemia MAHA (Microangiopathic HA)
2.2 Chemical/Physical
2.3 Infection : Clostridium tetani
2.4 Antibodies : HTR, SLE
2.5 Hypersplenism

C.Blood Loss:

 1. Acute blood loss : Accident, GI bleeding
 2. Chronic blood loss : Hypermenorrhea Parasitic infestation